Therefore a cylinder liner must have a corresponding resistance against mechanical and chemical wear. Furthermore the liner material should have 

The material of a liner must withstand the extreme heat and pressure developed within the combustion space at the top of the cylinder and, at the same time, must permit 1.High anti-galling properties 2.Less we the cylinder liner itself 3.Less we the partner piston ring 4.Less consumption of lubricant 2. Heat transfer:

At the attempt of improving the properties of the materials applied to the production of cylinder liners, alloys have been proposed in order to minimize the 

Investigation of friction properties in the piston-cylinder liner region of a single-cylinder compressed air engine using the GT-SUITE program Show all authors. Mehmet Akif Kunt. GF, et al. Exergy analysis and optimization of a thermal management system with phase change material for hybrid electric vehicles. Appl Therm Eng ; 64:

The results of the research on cast iron materials for cylinder liner Functional characteristics of the cylinder liners in the system PRC [15].

Cylinder liner materials therefore must have an adequate resistance to thermal fatigue and distortion. In addition to the mechanical properties required of a cylinder liner, there is the microstructural requirement that it should be almost fully peaditic grey iron with a maximum of free ferrite (5-10% maximum) and contain some phosphide eutectic.

Cylinder sleeves are made of superior alloyed metal that prevents corrosion and abrasion, withstand high pressure and temperature and provide long-lasting service life. Some liners are made from nickel-chromium iron, cast-iron alloyed with chromium, copper or nickel or Aluminum alloys depending on the manufacturer.

Previously, most cylinders block were made of cast iron or gray iron as the material was easier for the machine. Aluminum pistons wear very well against cast-iron cylinder walls. The main disadvantage of being iron is its weight, with the engine blocks now being casts from lightweight aluminum. Aluminum blocks weigh much less than a cast-iron

Cylinder Liners are crucial to reduce the total cost of ownership of any engine, by lowering its overhaul time frame and servicing costs. Using a liner is always the better option than using an oversize piston and piston rings on a rebored engine.

Composition of Different Materials in the cylinder liner: ; Cast iron, 2-4 ; Chromium, 0.006-0.4 ; Molybdenum, 0.5 ; Nickel, 0.005-0.5 ; Copper, 0.5.

The physical and mechanical properties of the new cylinder liner material were compared with conventional cylinder liner materials and the